RAM imele iRandom Access Memory , licandelo le-elektroniki elibaluleke kakhulu elifunekayo ukuze ikhompyuter isebenze, i-RAM luhlobo logcino oluthi ICPU isebenzisa ukugcina idatha esebenzayo yangoku okwethutyana. Inokufumaneka kuzo zonke iintlobo zezixhobo zekhompyuter ezinjengee-smartphones, iiPC, iitafile, iiseva, njl.
Ekubeni ulwazi okanye idatha ifikeleleke ngokungenamkhethe, amaxesha okufunda nokubhala akhawuleza kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokugcina ezifana CD-ROM okanye Hard Disk Drives apho idata igcinwe okanye ibuyiswe ngokulandelelana leyo icotha kakhulu inkqubo njengesiphumo sokufumana nokuba isixa esincinci sedatha egcinwe embindini wolandelelwano kuya kufuneka siye kulo lonke ulandelelwano.
I-RAM ifuna amandla ukuze isebenze, ngoko ke ulwazi olugcinwe kwi-RAM luyacinywa nje ukuba ikhompyuter icinyiwe. Ngenxa yoko, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi Inkumbulo eguquguqukayo okanye Ugcino lweThutyana.
I-Motherboard inokuba nenani elahlukileyo leendawo zokubeka imemori, i-avareji ye-Motherboard yabathengi iya kuba phakathi kwe-2 kunye ne-4 yazo.
Ukuze iDatha okanye iinkqubo zenziwe kwikhompyuter, kufuneka zilayishwe kwinkunzi yegusha kuqala.
Ngoko ke idatha okanye inkqubo igcinwa kuqala kwi-hard drive emva koko ukusuka kwi-hard drive, ifunyenwe kwaye ilayishwe kwi-RAM. Nje ukuba ilayishiwe, i-CPU ngoku inokufikelela kwidatha okanye iqhube inkqubo ngoku.
Kukho ulwazi oluninzi okanye idatha efumaneka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunabanye, ukuba imemori iphantsi kakhulu ayinakukwazi ukubamba yonke idatha efunwa yi-CPU. Xa oku kusenzeka ke enye idata engaphezulu igcinwa kwi hard drive ukuhlawula inkumbulo ephantsi.
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Ke endaweni yokuba idatha isuka ngokuthe ngqo kwi-RAM iye kwi-CPU, kufuneka iyifumane kwakhona kwi-hard drive enesantya esicothayo sofikelelo, le nkqubo icotha kakhulu ikhompyuter. Oku kunokujongwa ngokulula ngokwandisa inani le-RAM ekhoyo ukuze isetyenziswe yikhompyuter.
Imixholo[ fihla ]
Iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ze-RAM
i) I-DRAM okanye i-RAM eDynamic
I-Dram yinkumbulo equlethe i-capacitors, efana nebhakethi encinci egcina umbane, kwaye ikule capacitors ibamba ulwazi. Ngenxa yokuba idram ine-capacitors efuna ukuba ihlaziywe ngombane rhoqo, ayibambanga ntlawulo ixesha elide. Ngenxa yokuba ii-capacitors kufuneka zihlaziywe ngamandla, kulapho bafumana khona igama. Olu hlobo lwetekhnoloji ye-RAM ayisasetyenziswa ngokukhutheleyo ngenxa yophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-RAM esebenza kakhulu nekhawulezayo esiza kuyixoxa ngaphambili.
ii) SDRAM okanye Synchronous DRAM
Le yitekhnoloji ye-RAM esetyenziswa kakhulu kwii-elektroniki zethu ngoku. I-SDRAM nayo ine-capacitors efana ne-DRAM, nangona kunjalo, i umahluko phakathi kwe-SDRAM kunye neDRAM sisantya, itekhnoloji endala ye-DRAM ibaleka kancinci okanye isebenze ngokulinganayo kune-CPU, oku kwenza ukuba isantya sodluliselo siyekele ngenxa yokuba imiqondiso ayilungelelaniswanga.
I-SDRAM isebenza ngongqamaniso kunye newotshi yenkqubo, yiyo loo nto ikhawuleza kune-DRAM. Yonke imiqondiso ibotshelelwe kwiwotshi yesixokelelwano ukwenzela ixesha elilawulwa ngcono.
I-RAM ifakwe kwi-motherboard ngendlela yeemodyuli ezisuswayo zomsebenzisi ezibizwa Ii-SIMMs (Iimodyuli zememori ekwi-line enye) kunye nee-DIMM (iimodyuli zememori ekwimigca emibini) . Ibizwa ngokuba zii-DIMMs kuba inemiqolo emibini ezimeleyo yezi zikhonkwane enye kwicala ngalinye ngelixa ii-SIMM zinomqolo omnye wezikhonkwane kwelinye icala. Icala ngalinye lemodyuli linama-168, 184, 240 okanye 288 izikhonkwane.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-SIMMs ngoku kuphelelwe lixesha kuba umthamo wememori we-RAM uphindwe kabini nge Ii-DIMMs .
Ezi DIMM ziza kumandla enkumbulo ahlukeneyo, aqala naphi na phakathi kwe-128 MB ukuya kwi-2 TB. I-DIMMs idlulisela i-bits ye-64 yeDatha ngexesha xa kuthelekiswa ne-SIMMs ehambisa i-32 bits yeDatha ngexesha.
I-SDRAM iphinde inikwe isantya ngesantya esahlukileyo, kodwa phambi kokuba singene kuyo, masiqonde ukuba yeyiphi indlela yedatha.
Isantya se-CPU silinganiswa kumjikelo wewotshi, ngoko kumjikelo wewotshi enye, nokuba ngamasuntswana angama-32 okanye angama-64 edatha akhutshelwe phakathi kwe-CPU kunye ne-RAM, olu dluliselo lwaziwa ngokuba yindlela yedatha.
Ke okukhona siphezulu isantya sewotshi ye-CPU kokukhona ikhompyuter ikhawulezayo.
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Ngokufanayo, ne-SDRAM inesantya sewotshi apho ukufunda nokubhala kunokwenzeka khona. Ke isantya sewotshi ye-RAM ekhawulezayo kokukhona imisebenzi eyenzekayo ikhulisa ukusebenza kweprosesa. Oku kulinganiswa kwinani lemijikelo enokuthi iyenze ibalwe kwi-megahertz. Ngoko ke, ukuba i-RAM ilinganiswe kwi-1600 MHz, yenza i-1.6 yeebhiliyoni zemijikelezo ngomzuzwana.
Ke, siyathemba ukuba oku kukuncedile uqonde indlela i-RAM kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zetekhnoloji ye-RAM ezisebenza ngayo.
Elon Decker U-Elon ungumbhali wezobugcisa kwi-Cyber S. Ubhale indlela-izikhokelo malunga neminyaka eyi-6 ngoku kwaye uye wagubungela izihloko ezininzi. Uyakuthanda ukugubungela izihloko ezinxulumene neWindows, Android, kunye namaqhinga amva nje kunye neengcebiso.