Sonke sisetyenziselwa ukuthumela idatha nge-Intanethi okanye ezinye iinethiwekhi zasekhaya. Ngokuqhelekileyo, idatha enjalo idluliselwa kwinethiwekhi ngendlela yeebhithi. Ngokubanzi, xa iitoni zedatha zithunyelwa kwinethiwekhi, iba sesichengeni sokulahleka kwedatha ngenxa yomba womnatha okanye uhlaselo olulunya. I-checksum isetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba idatha efunyenweyo ayinabungozi kwaye ayinazimpazamo kunye nelahleko. I-Checksum isebenza njengophawu lweminwe okanye isazisi esisodwa sedatha.
Ukuyiqonda ngcono le nto, qwalasela oku: Ndikuthumelela ibhaskithi yama-apile nge-arhente yokuhambisa. Ngoku, ekubeni i-arhente yonikezelo yinxalenye yesithathu, asinakuthembela kubunyani bakhe ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ukuze ndiqinisekise ukuba akakhange atye nama-apile endleleni yakhe nokuba uyawafumana onke ama-apile, ndiyakubiza ndize ndikuxelele ukuba ndikuthumelele ama-apile angama-20. Xa ufumana ibhaskithi, ubala inani lama-apile kwaye ukhangele ukuba ngaba ngama-20.
Olu balo lwee-apile yinto eyenziwa ngutsheki kwifayile yakho. Ukuba uthumele ifayile enkulu kakhulu kuthungelwano (iqela lesithathu) okanye ukhuphele enye kwi-intanethi kwaye ufuna ukuqiniseka ukuba ifayile ithunyelwe okanye ifunyenwe ngokuchanekileyo, usebenzisa i-checksum algorithm kwifayile yakho ekhoyo. ithunyelwe kwaye inxibelelane ngexabiso kumamkeli. Ekufumaneni ifayile, umamkeli uya kusebenzisa i-algorithm efanayo kwaye atshatise ixabiso elifunyenweyo kunye nento oyithumeleyo. Ukuba amaxabiso ahambelana, ifayile ithunyelwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye akukho datha ilahlekileyo. Kodwa ukuba amaxabiso ahlukile, umamkeli uya kwazi ngoko nangoko ukuba enye idatha ilahlekile okanye ifayile yonakalisiwe kwinethiwekhi. Kuba idatha inokuba novakalelo oluphezulu kwaye ibalulekile kuthi, kubalulekile ukujonga nayiphi na impazamo enokuthi yenzekile ngexesha lothumelo. Ke, i-checksum ibaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ubunyani bedatha kunye nokuthembeka. Nokuba utshintsho oluncinci kakhulu lwedatha lubangela utshintsho olukhulu kwi-checksum. Iiprotocol ezifana ne-TCP / IP elawula imigaqo yonxibelelwano ye-intanethi iphinda isebenzise i-checksum ukuqinisekisa ukuba isoloko ichanekileyo idatha ihanjiswa.
I-checksum yi-algorithm esebenzisa i-cryptographic hash function. Le algorithm isetyenziswe phezu kweqhekeza ledatha okanye ifayile ngaphambi kokuthumela kwaye emva kokuyifumana kwinethiwekhi. Usenokuba uqaphele ukuba inikwe ecaleni kwekhonkco lokukhuphela ukuze xa ukhuphela ifayile, ungabala itshekhim kwikhompyuter yakho kwaye uyitshatise nexabiso elinikiweyo. Qaphela ukuba ubude be-checksum abuxhomekeke kubungakanani bedatha kodwa kwi-algorithm esetyenzisiweyo. Ii-algorithms ze-checksum eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenzisiweyo yi-MD5 (i-algorithm ye-Message Digest 5), i-SHA1 (i-Secure Hashing Algorithm 1), i-SHA-256 kunye ne-SHA-512. Ezi algorithms zivelisa i-128-bit, i-160-bit, i-256-bit kunye ne-512-bit ixabiso le-hash ngokulandelanayo. I-SHA-256 kunye ne-SHA-512 yakutshanje kwaye yomelele kune-SHA-1 kunye ne-MD5, ethi kwezinye iimeko ezinqabileyo zivelise amaxabiso okuhlola afanayo kwiifayile ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Oku kubeke esichengeni ukuba semthethweni kwezo migaqo-nkqubo. Ubuchule obutsha bubungqina bempazamo kwaye buthembeke ngakumbi. I-algorithm ye-Hashing iguqulela ubukhulu becala idatha kwi-binary elingana kwaye emva koko ithwale imisebenzi esisiseko efana ne- AND, OKANYE, XOR, njalo njalo. kuyo kwaye ekugqibeleni ikhuphe ixabiso le-hex lobalo.
Imixholo[ fihla ]
- Yintoni itshekhisum? Nendlela yokubala iitshekhi
- Indlela yoku-1: Bala ii-Checksums usebenzisa i-PowerShell
- Indlela yesi-2: Bala i-Checksum usebenzisa i-Online Checksum Calculator
- Indlela yesi-3: Sebenzisa i-MD5 kunye ne-SHA Checksum Utility
Yintoni itshekhisum? Nendlela yokubala iitshekhi
Indlela yoku-1: Bala iitshekhi usebenzisa iPowerShell
1.Sebenzisa uphendlo kwimenyu yokuqalisa Windows 10 kwaye uchwetheze I-PowerShell kwaye ucofe ku ' Windows PowerShell ' kuluhlu.
2.Kungenjalo, ungacofa ekunene ekuqaleni kwaye ukhethe ' Windows PowerShell ' ukusuka kwimenyu.
3.Kwi-Windows PowerShell, sebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo:
|_+_|4.I-prompt iya kubonisa Ixabiso le-SHA-256 lehashi ngokungagqibekanga.
5.Kwezinye ii-algorithms, ungasebenzisa:
|_+_|Ngoku ungangqamanisa ixabiso elifunyenweyo kunye nexabiso elinikiweyo.
Indlela yesi-2: Bala i-Checksum usebenzisa i-Online Checksum Calculator
Zininzi ii-checksum calculators ezikwi-intanethi ezinjenge ‘onlinemd5.com’. Esi siza singasetyenziselwa ukubala i-MD5, SHA1 kunye ne-SHA-256 yokutshekisha kuyo nayiphi na ifayile kunye nayo nayiphi na isicatshulwa.
1. Cofa ku ' Khetha ifayile ' iqhosha kwaye uvule ifayile oyifunayo.
2.Kungenjalo, tsala kwaye ulahle ifayile yakho kwibhokisi enikiweyo.
3.Khetha eyakho i-algorithm efunekayo kwaye ufumane itshekhi efunekayo.
4.Ungaphinda utshatise letshekhisum efunyenweyo kunye netshekhisum enikiweyo ngokukopa itshekhi enikiweyo kwi ‘Thelekisa ne:’ ibhokisi yemiyalezo.
5.Uya kubona uphawu lokukorekisha okanye umnqamlezo ecaleni kwebhokisi yokubhaliweyo ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukubala i-hash yomtya okanye umbhalo ngokuthe ngqo:
a) Skrolela ezantsi iphepha ukuya ' I-MD5 kunye ne-SHA1 ye-Hash Generator yeSibhalo '
b) Khuphela umtya kwibhokisi yokubhaliweyo enikiweyo ukuze ufumane itshekhi efunekayo.
Kwezinye iialgorithms, ungasebenzisa ' https://defuse.ca/checksums.htm '. Le sayithi ikunika uluhlu olubanzi lwee-algorithms ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ze-hashing. Cofa ku 'Khetha ifayile' ukukhetha ifayile yakho kwaye ucofe ku ' Bala ii-Checksums... ' ukufumana iziphumo.
Indlela yesi-3: Sebenzisa i-MD5 kunye ne-SHA Checksum Utility
Ekuqaleni, khuphela i-MD5 kunye ne-SHA Checksum Utility emva koko uyiqalise ngokucofa kabini kwifayile ye-exe. Jonga ngokulula ifayile yakho kwaye ungayifumana i-MD5, SHA1, SHA-256, okanye i-SHA-512 hash. Unako kwakhona ukukopa-ncamathisela i-hash enikiweyo kwibhokisi yokubhaliweyo efanelekileyo ukuyithelekisa ngokulula nexabiso elifunyenweyo.
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Ndiyathemba ukuba la manyathelo angasentla abe luncedo ekufundeni Yintoni i-Checksum? Kwaye Uyibala njani; kodwa ukuba usenayo nayiphi na imibuzo malunga neli nqaku ke zive ukhululekile ukubabuza kwicandelo lezimvo.
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